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Microwave electromagnetic fields act by activating voltage -gated calcium <br />channels: why the current international safety standards do not predict <br />biological hazard. Martin L. Pall. Recent Res. Devel. Mol. Cell Biol. 7(2014). <br />• "It can be seen from the above that 10 different well-documented microwave <br />EMF effects can be easily explained as being a consequence of EMF VGCC <br />activation: oxidative stress, elevated single and double strand breaks in DNA, <br />therapeutic responses to such EMFs, breakdown of the blood -brain barrier, <br />cancer, melatonin loss, sleep dysfunction, male infertility and female <br />infertility" <br />Pall ML. 2015. Microwave frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) produce <br />widespread neuropsychiatric effects including depression. J. Chem. Neuroanat. <br />2015 Aug 20. <br />• Non -thermal microwave/lower frequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs) act <br />via voltage -gated calcium channel (VGCC) activation. <br />• Two U.S. government reports from the 1970s to 1980s provide evidence for <br />many neuropsychiatric effects of non -thermal microwave EMFs, based on <br />occupational exposure studies. 18 more recent epidemiological studies, <br />provide substantial evidence that microwave EMFs from cell/mobile phone <br />base stations, excessive cell/mobile phone usage and from wireless smart <br />meters can each produce similar patterns of neuropsychiatric effects, with <br />several of these studies showing clear dose -response relationships. <br />• Lesser evidence from 6 additional studies suggests that short wave, radio <br />station, occupational and digital TV antenna exposures may produce similar <br />neuropsychiatric effects. Among the more commonly reported changes are <br />sleep disturbance/insomnia, headache, depression/depressive symptoms, <br />fatigue/tiredness, dysesthesia, concentration/attention dysfunction, memory <br />changes, dizziness, irritability, loss of appetite/body weight, <br />restlessness/anxiety, nausea, skin burning/tingling/dermographism and EEG <br />changes. In summary, then, the mechanism of action of microwave EMFs, the <br />role of the VGCCs in the brain, the impact of non -thermal EMFs on the brain, <br />extensive epidemiological studies performed over the past 50years, and five <br />https:l/eh WstorglmlHawersa cel-anl naekompdationof-reaeamhstudasbnc l-tmermdialion nd-h ift 17120 <br />