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No person shall back a motor vehicle on a freeway, except: in a rest area; in the <br />performance of public works or official duties; as a result of an emergency caused by an <br />accident or breakdown of a motor vehicle. <br />(ORC 4511.38) <br />331.14 SIGNALS BEFORE CHANGING COURSE, TURNING OR STOPPING. <br />No person shall turn a vehicle or move right or left upon a highway unless and <br />until such person has exercised due care to ascertain that the movement can be made <br />with reasonable safety nor without giving an appropriate signal in the manner <br />hereinafter provided. <br />When required, a signal of intention to turn or move right or left shall be given <br />continuously during not less than the last 100 feet traveled by the vehicle before <br />turning. <br />No person shall stop or suddenly decrease the speed of a vehicle without first <br />giving an appropriate signal in the manner provided herein to the driver of any vehicle <br />immediately to the rear when there is opportunity to give a signal. <br />Any stop or turn signal required by this section shall be given either by means of <br />the hand and arm, or by signal lights that clearly indicate to both approaching and <br />following traffic intention to turn or move right or left, except that any motor vehicle in <br />use on a highway shall be equipped with, and the required signal shall be given by, <br />signal lights when the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the left <br />outside limit of the body, cab or load of such motor vehicle exceeds twenty-four inches, <br />or when the distance from the center of the top of the steering post to the rear limit of <br />the body or load thereof exceeds fourteen feet, whether a single vehicle or a <br />combination of vehicles. <br />The signal lights required by this section shall not be flashed on one side only on a <br />disabled vehicle, flashed as a courtesy or "do pass" signal to operators of other vehicles <br />approaching from the rear, nor be flashed on one side only if a parked vehicle except as <br />may be necessary for compliance with this section. <br />(ORC 4611.39) <br />331.15 HAND AND ARM SIGNALS. <br />All signals required by this Traffic Code, when given by hand and arm shall be given <br />from the left side of the vehicle in the following manner, and such signals shall indicate <br />as follows: <br />(a) Left turn: Hand and arm extended horizontally; <br />(b) Right turn; Hand and arm extended upward; <br />(c) Stop or decrease speed: Hand and arm extended downward. <br />7 <br />